By: Vajratiya Vajrobol, International Center for AI and Cyber Security Research and Innovations (CCRI), Asia University, Taiwan, vvajratiya@gmail.com
The deployment, design, and implementation of the models are some of the aspects that affect the safety of machine learning (ML) systems. These are important things to think about when it comes to machine learning safety.
1. Quality and Bias of Data
Problem: Predictions and judgments influenced by biases in training data may be biased. The ML model may reinforce or magnify biases present in the training data if the training set is biased or not representative [1].
Precautionary Step: Bias concerns can be addressed with the aid of thorough data pretreatment, bias detection, and fairness testing. Improving data quality requires transparent and responsible data collecting procedures.
2. Model Robustness
Issue: ML models could be susceptible to adversarial attacks, in which case purposefully constructed inputs could fool the model and result in false outputs [2].
Safety Measure: Using adversarial training, putting robustness checks into place, and keeping a close eye on model performance can all help strengthen resistance to adversarial attacks.
3.Explainability and Interpretability
The issue of explainability and interpretability arises from the fact that many deep neural networks and other complex machine learning models are regarded as “black boxes,” making it difficult to comprehend how they make judgments [3].
Precautionary Step:
Encouraging the creation of interpretable models and resources to evaluate model choices facilitates the understanding of ML predictions by stakeholders and users.
4.Data Privacy
Issue:ML models trained on sensitive data may unintentionally reveal personal data, creating privacy risks [4].
Safety Measure: During the training process, sensitive information can be kept safe by utilising privacy-preserving strategies like federated learning or differential privacy.
5. Model Fairness
Issue: Machine learning models have the potential to provide unfair results that disproportionately affect groups because of gender, race, or other sensitive qualities [5].
Precautionary Step: Fairer models can be achieved using fairness-aware algorithms, fairness audits, and proactive fairness concerns resolution throughout the design process.
6. Continuous Monitoring and Maintenance
Issue: ML models’ performance may deteriorate over time because of modifications to the data distribution or outside influences [6].
Precautionary Step: Model performance and safety can be preserved by putting in place reliable monitoring systems, frequent model updates, and retraining procedures.
7. Ethical Issues
Issue: The use of ML in applications may give rise to ethical issues, such as when autonomous systems make important judgments without the proper supervision.
Safety Measure: Responsible machine learning approaches include putting ethical principles and guidelines into practice, integrating interdisciplinary teams in the model-development process, and encouraging openness in the decision-making procedures.
8. Regulatory Compliance
Issue: Violations of data protection and ethical AI legislation may give rise to legal ramifications [7].
Safety Measure: ML systems are guaranteed to function within legal and ethical bounds by conforming to pertinent rules, industry standards, and ethical principles.
In conclusion, even though machine learning has many potential applications, its security necessitates careful consideration of several variables. Building secure and responsible machine learning systems requires upholding moral principles, encouraging openness, and aggressively tackling problems like prejudice and privacy issues.
References
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- Sehwag, V., Bhagoji, A. N., Song, L., Sitawarin, C., Cullina, D., Chiang, M., & Mittal, P. (2019, November). Analyzing the robustness of open-world machine learning. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Security (pp. 105-116).
- Vajrobol, V., Aggarwal, N., Shukla, U., Saxena, G. J., Singh, S., & Pundir, A. (2023). Explainable cross-lingual depression identification based on multi-head attention networks in Thai context. International Journal of Information Technology, 1-16.
- Chen, M., Zhang, Z., Wang, T., Backes, M., Humbert, M., & Zhang, Y. (2021, November). When machine unlearning jeopardizes privacy. In Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGSAC conference on computer and communications security (pp. 896-911).
- Simons, J., Adams Bhatti, S., & Weller, A. (2021, July). Machine learning and the meaning of equal treatment. In Proceedings of the 2021 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (pp. 956-966).
- Çınar, Z. M., Abdussalam Nuhu, A., Zeeshan, Q., Korhan, O., Asmael, M., & Safaei, B. (2020). Machine learning in predictive maintenance towards sustainable smart manufacturing in industry 4.0. Sustainability, 12(19), 8211.
- Gerke, S., Minssen, T., & Cohen, G. (2020). Ethical and legal challenges of artificial intelligence-driven healthcare. In Artificial intelligence in healthcare (pp. 295-336). Academic Press.
- Deveci, M., Pamucar, D., Gokasar, I., Köppen, M., Gupta, B. B., & Daim, T. (2023). Evaluation of Metaverse traffic safety implementations using fuzzy Einstein based logarithmic methodology of additive weights and TOPSIS method. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 194, 122681.
- Chaklader, B., Gupta, B. B., & Panigrahi, P. K. (2023). Analyzing the progress of FINTECH-companies and their integration with new technologies for innovation and entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 161, 113847.
- Casillo, M., Colace, F., Gupta, B. B., Lorusso, A., Marongiu, F., & Santaniello, D. (2022, June). A deep learning approach to protecting cultural heritage buildings through IoT-based systems. In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP) (pp. 252-256). IEEE.
- Jiao, R., Li, C., Xun, G., Zhang, T., Gupta, B. B., & Yan, G. (2023). A Context-aware Multi-event Identification Method for Non-intrusive Load Monitoring. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.
Cite As:
Vajrobol V. (2024) Ensuring the Safety of Machine Learning: Navigating Bias, Privacy, and Ethical Challenges in AI Systems, Insights2Techinfo, pp.1